Kansas Policy Institute began its evolution in 1996, when a small group of Kansans, and Cato supporters, founded the state's first free market think tank.  KPI was formed to produce sound policy research on Kansas issues and advance free-market and limit the growth of state government, mirroring the work CATO had accomplished on the national level.

An early focus on education and tax policy lead to numerous studies produced by expert academics.  Building on this initial success, KPI has expanded to include a full complement of policy scholars and fellows, fulltime staff, and a board of directors that includes members from across Kansas. Currently, education, health care, and fiscal policy represent the bulk of KPI’s work in advocating for liberty and personal freedom.  By publishing studies, hosting events around the state, educating policy makers and community leaders, and engaging with traditional and new media, KPI is an active participant in the policy debate in the county and state arenas.

Beginning as Kansas Public Policy Institute and following an early transition to Flint Hills Center for Public Policy, Kansas Policy Institute has changed its name and approach to fit the needs of the day.  However, the commitment to the mission remains unchanged - advocating for free market solutions to public policy issues and the protection of personal freedom for all Kansans.